Mike Rapport --> reviewed by Daniel Johnson -->

A specter is haunting Europe—the specter of radical Islam. Faced with the sudden emergence of a new revolutionary ideology, the historian is seized by a sense of déjà vu. There are indeed striking parallels between the violent entrance of Islamism onto the world stage in the year 2001, and the rise of communism, which first made its presence felt in the revolutionary year of 1848. As the old order appeared to be collapsing, Marx and Engels published their Communist Manifesto. They argued that the proletariat, the new urban class created by the industrial revolution, was destined to supplant the bourgeoisie as the vehicle of political change. Just as liberalism had been the ideology of the bourgeoisie, so communism would be the new ideology of the...

 

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